Thursday 1 June 2017

if life evolves in all of the many universes in a quantum cosmology, and if life continues to exist in all of these universes, then all of these universes, which include all possible histories among them, will approach the Omega Point. At the instant the Omega Point is reached, life will have gained control of all matter and forces not only in a single universe, but in all universes whose existence is logically possible; life will have spread into all spatial regions in all universes which could logically exist, and will have stored an innite amount of information, including all bits of knowledge which it is logically possible to know. And this is the end.

Friday 19 May 2017

Thinking about cosmology

If the universe's expansion speed does not exceed the escape velocity, then the mutualgravitational attraction of all its matter will eventually cause it to contract. If entropycontinues to increase in the contracting phase (see Ergodic hypothesis), the contraction would appear very different from the time reversal of the expansion. While the early universe was highly uniform, a contracting universe would become increasingly clumped. Eventually all matter would collapse into black holes, which would then coalesce producing a unified black hole or Big Crunch singularity. If the density of the universe is greater than the critical density, then the strength of the gravitational force will stop the universe from expanding and the universe will collapse back on itself—assuming that there is no repulsive force such as a cosmological constant. Conversely, if the density of the universe is less than the critical density, the universe will continue to expand and the gravitational pull will not be enough to stop the universe from expanding. This scenario would result in the Big Freeze, where the universe cools as it expands and reaches a state of entropy. One theory proposes that the universe could collapse to the state where it began and then initiate another Big Bang,so in this way the universe would last forever, but would pass through phases of expansion (Big Bang) and contraction (Big Crunch).Another scenario results in a flat universe 

Inspirational lines

Dream”, that’s a powerful word.

You will get knocked down many times chasing your dreams, you will feel like you don’t have the energy to get back up. You don’t have the STRENGTH to get back up. You will feel like giving up is the only option.

When you’re hit, when you’ve been knocked down by life that’s when it’s time to hit back!
THAT’S WHEN IT’S TIME TO HIT BACK!

Many people get hit by life but they NEVER hit back!

Are you going to stay down or are you going to decide to GET BACK UP!?
It takes COURAGE. It takes CONFIDENCE. 
It takes A STRONG MINDSET TO GET BACK UP WHEN NOBODY BELIEVES IN YOU!

There’s a lion inside all of us, 
but some people decide to NEVER let that lion out!
Many people keep that lion locked in its cage.
ARE YOU HUNGRY FOR THAT DREAM?
 ARE YOU WILLING TO FIGHT FOR THAT DREAM?

Let the LION OUT.
 Get HUNGRY FOR YOUR DREAM!
 Go HUNT YOUR DREAM!

Talking about that dream won’t take you far. 
WORKING WILL!

Doubters will tell you to “be realistic”.
 Haters will tell you to quit.
YOU are the only one who can go and get it, it’s your dream NO ONE will chase it for you.
 NO ONE will hunt for you.
NO ONE WILL SUPPORT YOUR DREAM BUT YOU.

There’s a quote that goes: “Everyone wants to eat but few are willing to hunt”
EVERYONE want’s to succeed, but few are willing to put in the WORK required!

STOP limiting yourself, YOU CAN MAKE YOUR DREAM INTO A REALITY!
But it will ONLY take one person to believe that it’s possible, it will ONLY take one person to put in the work.
….That person is YOU!

There’s plenty of humans before you who have accomplished big things, who are LIVING their DREAM life!
They’ve done it. That is PROOF you can too.
It is proof that YOU can live your dream if you REALLY want it!

YOU are the most dangerous enemy to your dreams because ONLY YOU decide when to quit and give up on your dreams.
ONLY YOU decide when to KILL these dreams.

You’re more POWERFUL than you even know! YOU CAN CHANGE THE WORLD with your dream. But it only requires you to get out of your comfort zone and unleash your inner lion!
It requires you to let that lion out its cage, IT REQUIRES YOU TO CHASE YOUR DREAMS NO MATTER WHAT.

If you have a weak mindset, if you’re afraid of taking risks, you’ll never get far in life.
YOU WILL NEVER GET THAT DREAM WITH A WEAK MINDSET.

CREATE A MINDSET THAT KEEPS YOU MOVING EVEN WHEN OTHERS QUIT!

LIFE IS UNPREDICTABLE, IT’S FULL OF SURPRISES, YOU MIGHT BE CLOSER THAN YOU THINK, YOUR DREAM CAN BECOME A REALITY – IF YOU REFUSE TO QUIT.

BE LIKE A LION, NEVER BACK DOWN FROM THE CHALLENGES YOU FACE

A LION NEVER STOPS CHASING ITS PREY UNTIL IT CATCHES IT!
YOU NEVER STOP CHASING YOUR DREAM UNTIL YOU LIVE IT!.

Dream big and NEVER let SMALL MINDS convince you that your dream is out of reach.
It might be out of reach FOR THEM, but you know better.

Beautiful lines

The wood was asleep, the path through it was dark and winding. There was not a thing stirring, the long twilight was just disappearing and the silence of the night was covering the earth. Through the small opening among the leaves were the stars, brilliant and very close.

Darkness of the night is as necessary as the light of day. The welcoming trees were withdrawn into themselves and distant, they were all around but they were aloof and unapproachable, they were asleep, not to be disturbed. In this quiet darkness, there was growth and flowering, gathering strength to meet the vibrant day, night and day were essential, both gave life, energy, to all living things. Only man dissipates it.

- AK JHA 

Thursday 18 May 2017

Latest debate on hot spot in universe

A new galaxy survey suggests that a supervoid isn’t responsible for the Cold Spot seen in the cosmic microwave background — the oddity may have a far more ancient origin.
The Big Bang’s fading afterglow has left most of space a remarkably uniform 2.7 degrees above absolute zero. Tiny fluctuations give the afterglow a mottled look, but most of the temperature fluctuations are unremarkable, statistically speaking. However, one cold spot on the sky is not part of this harmony.
The map of the CMB sky produced by the Planck satellite. The large area with anomalously low temperature, known as the CMB Cold Spot, is highlighted in the inset.
ESA / Durham University, UK
Astronomers are still trying to figure out why this so-called Cold Spot exists. New survey results may help them find an explanation—but it’s unclear which explanation is the best match to what the team observes.

How Cold is the Cold Spot?

The Cold Spot’s core spans 10°, or 20 times the size of the full Moon; a slightly warmer halo spans 20°. The core is a whopping 0.00007 kelvin colder than average. That sounds like an awfully small difference, and it is, but it’s big with respect to the other variations we see — the Cold Spot’s average temperature is four times cooler than the average temperature fluctuation in the cosmic microwave background (CMB), the radiation set free 380,000 after the Big Bang.
If this blemish is just a statistical fluke, then we’re living in the only one of 50 universes where such a thing might happen by chance — a big enough fluke to make astronomers uncomfortable.
One non-fluke explanation is that a huge, mostly empty region of space called a supervoid lies along the line of sight to the Cold Spot. CMB photons lose energy when they pass through voids. As a result, photons from this direction of space would appear colder.
This explanation seemed all the more likely when, in 2014, István Szapudi (University of Hawai‘i) and colleaguesdiscovered a supervoid in the direction of the Cold Spot. They found that the void, the largest yet discovered, spanned about 1.8 billion light-years 11.1 billion years after the Big Bang. However, initial calculations showed that the supervoid didn’t fully account for the Cold Spot’s temperature drop.

New Galaxy Survey, New Questions

A new galaxy survey casts further doubt. Astronomers operating the 2dF-VST ATLAS Cold Spot galaxy redshift survey (phew, say that three times fast!) mapped the positions of almost 7,000 galaxies along the line of sight toward the 10°-wide Cold Spot core.
The survey is admittedly sparse — there are a lot more than 7,000 galaxies along that line of sight. But from the data, Ruari Mackenzie (University of Durham, UK), Szapudi, and colleagues detected three voids. The biggest is a tad closer (and therefore older, 11.9 billion years after the Big Bang) and smaller than the 2014 result suggested, and it appears to contain even fewer galaxies than Szapudi’s team had estimated.
Nevertheless, even all three voids are not enough: Mackenzie and colleagues calculate the voids' cooling effect to be just 9 microkelvin — that’s a far cry from explaining the 70 microkelvin temperature drop in the Cold Spot’s core.
So is the Cold Spot supervoid-created, or not? The team members disagree. One complication is the control field. In many scientific studies, a control serves to test what would happen if the theory weren’t true — if, say, the medication weren’t applied in a medical study. In this case, the team has selected as a control a large, average-mottled field of CMB sky. Along this line of sight, the team finds voids of similar size to the Cold Spot supervoid — but no Cold Spot to go along with them.
Based on this control, some on the team conclude the supervoid isn’t to blame, opting for exotic solutions instead (more on that below). However, Szapudi cautions, the control field also contains a big galaxy cluster, and the Cold Spot field does not. That cluster’s heating effect would offset the voids’ cooling effects. “We absolutely do not expect that [this region of space] would project a cold spot on the CMB,” he says.
This figure compares the 3D galaxy distribution in the foreground of the Cosmic Microwave Background's Cold Spot (black points) to the galaxy distribution in an area with no background Cold Spot (red points). The number and size of low galaxy density regions in both areas are similar.
Durham University, UK

The Alternatives

Still, the alternatives are fun to consider — and who knows, they might even prove to be true.
One option is that the early universe went through a phase transition, much like water freezing into ice as it cools. If that happened, it may have left a defect in the CMB, akin to an imperfect snowflake’s not-quite-crystalline pattern. Cosmic inflation ought to have smoothed out any such defects, though, making them a less viable explanation.
Other options involve going beyond the standard theory of inflation. Studies of the CMB have so far validated this theory, so if astronomers want to keep it around, then they have to resort to something pretty crazy to explain the Cold Spot — a collision with another universe.
According to most versions of the inflation paradigm, this exponential expansion, once started, ought to keep going forever. It only stops in pockets, so-called bubble universes. If we live in one such bubble universe, there’s a chance that early in this bubble’s existence, it bumped into another, leaving a cosmic bruise on the CMB.
“The paradox [is] that the craziest-sounding of the exotic models for the explanation of the Cold Spot, the bubble universe collision model, is actually the most standard in terms of the inflation model,” says study coauthor Tom Shanks (University of Durham, UK).
Only time (as well as more galaxy surveys and tests of inherent assumptions) will tell.

if life evolves in all of the many universes in a quantum cosmology, and if life continues to exist in all of these universes, then all of ...